2. In this press note, the CPI (Rural, Urban, Combined) on Base 2012=100 is being released for the month of March 2019. In addition to this, Consumer Food Price Index (CFPI) for all India Rural, Urban and Combined are also being released for March 2019. All India Inflation rates (on point to point basis i.e. current month over same month of last year, i.e., March2019 over March 2018), based on General Indices and CFPIs are given as follows:
Indices
|
March 2019 (Prov.)
|
February 2019 (Final)
|
March 2018 (Final)
|
||||||
Rural
|
Urban
|
Combd.
|
Rural
|
Urban
|
Combd.
|
Rural
|
Urban
|
Combd.
|
|
CPI (General) |
1.80
|
4.10
|
2.86
|
1.81
|
3.43
|
2.57
|
4.44
|
4.12
|
4.28
|
CFPI |
-1.46
|
3.47
|
0.30
|
-1.75
|
1.27
|
-0.73
|
3.71
|
1.22
|
2.81
|
3. Monthly changes in the General Indices and CFPIs are given below:
Monthly changes (%) in All India CPI (General) and CFPI: Mar. 2019 over Feb. 2019
Indices
|
Rural
|
Urban
|
Combined
|
||||||
Index Value
|
% Change
|
Index Value
|
% Change
|
Index Value
|
% Change
|
||||
Mar.19
|
Feb.19
|
Mar.19
|
Feb.19
|
Mar.19
|
Feb.19
|
||||
CPI (General) |
141.2
|
141.0
|
0.14
|
139.5
|
138.6
|
0.65
|
140.4
|
139.9
|
0.36
|
CFPI |
135.1
|
135.0
|
0.07
|
137.3
|
135.5
|
1.33
|
135.9
|
135.1
|
0.59
|
Note: Figures of March 2019 are provisional.
4. Provisional indices for the month of March 2019 and also the final indices for February 2019 are being released with this note for all-India and for State/UTs. All-India provisional General (all-groups), Group and Sub-group level CPI and CFPI numbers for March 2019 for Rural, Urban and Combined are given in Annexure I. The inflation rates of important categories of items are given in Annexure II. State/UT wise provisional General CPI numbers for Rural, Urban and Combined are given in Annexure III. Inflation rates of major States, having population more than 50 lakhs as per population Census 2011, are given in Annexure IV. State/UT–wise Group CPIs are available on the Ministry’s website (www.mospi.gov.in).
5. Price data are collected from selected towns and selected villages by the Field Operations Division of NSSO. Price data are received through web portals, maintained by the National Informatics Centre.
Next date of release: 13th May 2019 (Monday) for April 2019.
Group Code
|
Sub-group Code
|
Description
|
Rural
|
Urban
|
Combined
|
||||||
Weights
|
Feb. 19 Index (Final) |
Mar. 19 Index (Prov.) |
Weights
|
Feb. 19 Index (Final) |
Mar. 19 Index (Prov.) |
Weights
|
Feb. 19 Index (Final) |
Mar. 19 Index (Prov.) |
|||
(1)
|
(2)
|
(3)
|
(4)
|
(5)
|
(6)
|
(7)
|
(8)
|
(9)
|
(10)
|
(11)
|
(12)
|
1.1.01
|
Cereals and products |
12.35
|
136.8
|
137.0
|
6.59
|
139.4
|
139.7
|
9.67
|
137.6
|
137.9
|
|
1.1.02
|
Meat and fish |
4.38
|
153.0
|
154.1
|
2.73
|
150.1
|
151.1
|
3.61
|
152.0
|
153.0
|
|
1.1.03
|
Egg |
0.49
|
139.1
|
138.7
|
0.36
|
145.3
|
142.9
|
0.43
|
141.5
|
140.3
|
|
1.1.04
|
Milk and products |
7.72
|
142.5
|
142.5
|
5.33
|
141.7
|
141.9
|
6.61
|
142.2
|
142.3
|
|
1.1.05
|
Oils and fats |
4.21
|
124.1
|
124.1
|
2.81
|
118.4
|
118.4
|
3.56
|
122.0
|
122.0
|
|
1.1.06
|
Fruits |
2.88
|
135.8
|
136.1
|
2.90
|
137.0
|
139.4
|
2.89
|
136.4
|
137.6
|
|
1.1.07
|
Vegetables |
7.46
|
128.7
|
128.2
|
4.41
|
131.6
|
141.2
|
6.04
|
129.7
|
132.6
|
|
1.1.08
|
Pulses and products |
2.95
|
121.5
|
122.3
|
1.73
|
119.9
|
120.7
|
2.38
|
121.0
|
121.8
|
|
1.1.09
|
Sugar and Confectionery |
1.70
|
108.3
|
108.3
|
0.97
|
110.4
|
110.4
|
1.36
|
109.0
|
109.0
|
|
1.1.10
|
Spices |
3.11
|
139.2
|
138.9
|
1.79
|
140.8
|
140.7
|
2.50
|
139.7
|
139.5
|
|
1.2.11
|
Non-alcoholic beverages |
1.37
|
137.4
|
137.5
|
1.13
|
128.3
|
128.5
|
1.26
|
133.6
|
133.7
|
|
1.1.12
|
Prepared meals, snacks, sweets etc. |
5.56
|
156.2
|
156.5
|
5.54
|
153.5
|
153.9
|
5.55
|
154.9
|
155.3
|
|
1
|
Food and beverages |
54.18
|
137.2
|
137.3
|
36.29
|
138.0
|
139.6
|
45.86
|
137.5
|
138.1
|
|
2
|
Pan, tobacco and intoxicants |
3.26
|
162.8
|
162.9
|
1.36
|
164.9
|
165.3
|
2.38
|
163.4
|
163.5
|
|
3.1.01
|
Clothing |
6.32
|
150.5
|
150.8
|
4.72
|
143.3
|
143.5
|
5.58
|
147.7
|
147.9
|
|
3.1.02
|
Footwear |
1.04
|
146.1
|
146.1
|
0.85
|
130.8
|
131.2
|
0.95
|
139.7
|
139.9
|
|
3
|
Clothing and footwear |
7.36
|
149.9
|
150.2
|
5.57
|
141.4
|
141.6
|
6.53
|
146.5
|
146.8
|
|
4
|
Housing |
–
|
–
|
–
|
21.67
|
148.5
|
149.0
|
10.07
|
148.5
|
149.0
|
|
5
|
Fuel and light |
7.94
|
145.3
|
146.5
|
5.58
|
127.1
|
128.8
|
6.84
|
138.4
|
139.8
|
|
6.1.01
|
Household goods and services |
3.75
|
150.1
|
150.1
|
3.87
|
136.6
|
136.8
|
3.80
|
143.7
|
143.8
|
|
6.1.02
|
Health |
6.83
|
149.9
|
150.4
|
4.81
|
138.5
|
139.2
|
5.89
|
145.6
|
146.2
|
|
6.1.03
|
Transport and communication |
7.60
|
129.2
|
129.9
|
9.73
|
119.2
|
119.9
|
8.59
|
123.9
|
124.6
|
|
6.1.04
|
Recreation and amusement |
1.37
|
143.4
|
143.8
|
2.04
|
132.2
|
133.0
|
1.68
|
137.1
|
137.7
|
|
6.1.05
|
Education |
3.46
|
155.5
|
155.6
|
5.62
|
146.6
|
146.7
|
4.46
|
150.3
|
150.4
|
|
6.1.06
|
Personal care and effects |
4.25
|
134.9
|
134.0
|
3.47
|
133.0
|
132.5
|
3.89
|
134.1
|
133.4
|
|
6
|
Miscellaneous |
27.26
|
142.2
|
142.4
|
29.53
|
132.4
|
132.8
|
28.32
|
137.4
|
137.7
|
|
General Index (All Groups) |
100.00
|
141.0
|
141.2
|
100.00
|
138.6
|
139.5
|
100.00
|
139.9
|
140.4
|
||
Consumer Food Price Index |
47.25
|
135.0
|
135.1
|
29.62
|
135.5
|
137.3
|
39.06
|
135.1
|
135.9
|
Notes:
Prov. : Provisional.
– : CPI (Rural) for housing is not compiled.
The weights are indicative to show relative importance of groups and sub-groups. However, all India indices have been compiled as weighted average of State indices.
Group Code
|
Sub-group Code
|
Description
|
Rural
|
Urban
|
Combined
|
||||||||||||||
Mar. 18 Index (Final) |
Mar. 19
Index (Prov.) |
Inflation Rate (%) |
Mar. 18 Index (Final) |
Mar. 19
Index (Prov.) |
Inflation Rate (%) |
Mar. 18 Index (Final) |
Mar. 19
Index (Prov.) |
Inflation Rate (%) |
|||||||||||
(1)
|
(2)
|
(3)
|
(4)
|
(5)
|
(6)
|
(7)
|
(8)
|
(9)
|
(10)
|
(11)
|
(12)
|
||||||||
1.1.01
|
Cereals and products |
136.8
|
137.0
|
0.15
|
135.0
|
139.7
|
3.48
|
136.2
|
137.9
|
1.25
|
|||||||||
1.1.02
|
Meat and fish |
143.8
|
154.1
|
7.16
|
143.1
|
151.1
|
5.59
|
143.6
|
153.0
|
6.55
|
|||||||||
1.1.03
|
Egg |
140.0
|
138.7
|
-0.93
|
135.5
|
142.9
|
5.46
|
138.3
|
140.3
|
1.45
|
|||||||||
1.1.04
|
Milk and products |
142.0
|
142.5
|
0.35
|
139.9
|
141.9
|
1.43
|
141.2
|
142.3
|
0.78
|
|||||||||
1.1.05
|
Oils and fats |
123.2
|
124.1
|
0.73
|
116.5
|
118.4
|
1.63
|
120.7
|
122.0
|
1.08
|
|||||||||
1.1.06
|
Fruits |
152.9
|
136.1
|
-10.99
|
138.5
|
139.4
|
0.65
|
146.2
|
137.6
|
-5.88
|
|||||||||
1.1.07
|
Vegetables |
138.0
|
128.2
|
-7.10
|
128.0
|
141.2
|
10.31
|
134.6
|
132.6
|
-1.49
|
|||||||||
1.1.08
|
Pulses and products |
129.3
|
122.3
|
-5.41
|
115.5
|
120.7
|
4.50
|
124.6
|
121.8
|
-2.25
|
|||||||||
1.1.09
|
Sugar and Confectionery |
117.1
|
108.3
|
-7.51
|
114.2
|
110.4
|
-3.33
|
116.1
|
109.0
|
-6.12
|
|||||||||
1.1.10
|
Spices |
136.3
|
138.9
|
1.91
|
140.7
|
140.7
|
0.00
|
137.8
|
139.5
|
1.23
|
|||||||||
1.2.11
|
Non-alcoholic beverages |
131.2
|
137.5
|
4.80
|
126.2
|
128.5
|
1.82
|
129.1
|
133.7
|
3.56
|
|||||||||
1.1.12
|
Prepared meals, snacks, sweets etc. |
152.8
|
156.5
|
2.42
|
147.6
|
153.9
|
4.27
|
150.4
|
155.3
|
3.26
|
|||||||||
1
|
Food and beverages |
138.6
|
137.3
|
-0.94
|
134.8
|
139.6
|
3.56
|
137.2
|
138.1
|
0.66
|
|||||||||
2
|
Pan, tobacco and intoxicants |
155.1
|
162.9
|
5.03
|
159.7
|
165.3
|
3.51
|
156.3
|
163.5
|
4.61
|
|||||||||
3.1.01
|
Clothing |
149.2
|
150.8
|
1.07
|
136.7
|
143.5
|
4.97
|
144.3
|
147.9
|
2.49
|
|||||||||
3.1.02
|
Footwear |
143.0
|
146.1
|
2.17
|
126.7
|
131.2
|
3.55
|
136.2
|
139.9
|
2.72
|
|||||||||
3
|
Clothing and footwear |
148.3
|
150.2
|
1.28
|
135.2
|
141.6
|
4.73
|
143.1
|
146.8
|
2.59
|
|||||||||
4
|
Housing |
–
|
–
|
–
|
142.0
|
149.0
|
4.93
|
142.0
|
149.0
|
4.93
|
|||||||||
5
|
Fuel and light |
142.6
|
146.5
|
2.73
|
126.4
|
128.8
|
1.90
|
136.5
|
139.8
|
2.42
|
|||||||||
6.1.01
|
Household goods and services |
139.9
|
150.1
|
7.29
|
130.8
|
136.8
|
4.59
|
135.6
|
143.8
|
6.05
|
|||||||||
6.1.02
|
Health |
136.7
|
150.4
|
10.02
|
130.5
|
139.2
|
6.67
|
134.3
|
146.2
|
8.86
|
|||||||||
6.1.03
|
Transport and communication |
124.6
|
129.9
|
4.25
|
117.8
|
119.9
|
1.78
|
121.0
|
124.6
|
2.98
|
|||||||||
6.1.04
|
Recreation and amusement |
135.1
|
143.8
|
6.44
|
126.8
|
133.0
|
4.89
|
130.4
|
137.7
|
5.60
|
|||||||||
6.1.05
|
Education |
142.7
|
155.6
|
9.04
|
137.8
|
146.7
|
6.46
|
139.8
|
150.4
|
7.58
|
|||||||||
6.1.06
|
Personal care and effects |
129.3
|
134.0
|
3.63
|
126.7
|
132.5
|
4.58
|
128.2
|
133.4
|
4.06
|
|||||||||
6
|
Miscellaneous |
133.3
|
142.4
|
6.83
|
127.1
|
132.8
|
4.48
|
130.3
|
137.7
|
5.68
|
|||||||||
General Index (All Groups) |
138.7
|
141.2
|
1.80
|
134.0
|
139.5
|
4.10
|
136.5
|
140.4
|
2.86
|
||||||||||
Consumer Food Price Index |
137.1
|
135.1
|
-1.46
|
132.7
|
137.3
|
3.47
|
135.5
|
135.9
|
0.30
|
Notes:
Prov. : Provisional.
– : CPI (Rural) for housing is not compiled.
State/UT Code
|
Name of the State/UT
|
Rural
|
Urban
|
Combined
|
||||||
Weights
|
Feb. 19 Index (Final) |
Mar. 19 Index (Prov.) |
Weights
|
Feb. 19 Index (Final) |
Mar. 19 Index (Prov.) |
Weights
|
Feb. 19 Index (Final) |
Mar. 19 Index (Prov.) |
||
(1)
|
(2)
|
(3)
|
(4)
|
(5)
|
(6)
|
(7)
|
(8)
|
(9)
|
(10)
|
(11)
|
01
|
Jammu & Kashmir |
1.14
|
150.2
|
149.5
|
0.72
|
143.7
|
144.9
|
0.94
|
147.9
|
147.9
|
02
|
Himachal Pradesh |
1.03
|
135.5
|
136.1
|
0.26
|
136.7
|
137.9
|
0.67
|
135.7
|
136.4
|
03
|
Punjab |
3.31
|
140.3
|
140.5
|
3.09
|
132.2
|
133.0
|
3.21
|
136.7
|
137.1
|
04
|
Chandigarh |
0.02
|
137.9
|
139.1
|
0.34
|
135.1
|
136.0
|
0.17
|
135.3
|
136.2
|
05
|
Uttarakhand |
1.06
|
136.4
|
137.0
|
0.73
|
132.7
|
134.5
|
0.91
|
135.0
|
136.1
|
06
|
Haryana |
3.30
|
133.9
|
134.7
|
3.35
|
134.6
|
135.5
|
3.32
|
134.2
|
135.1
|
07
|
Delhi |
0.28
|
142.0
|
145.4
|
5.64
|
141.6
|
142.0
|
2.77
|
141.6
|
142.2
|
08
|
Rajasthan |
6.63
|
140.9
|
141.3
|
4.23
|
139.7
|
140.8
|
5.51
|
140.5
|
141.1
|
09
|
Uttar Pradesh |
14.83
|
136.8
|
137.6
|
9.54
|
139.0
|
139.9
|
12.37
|
137.6
|
138.4
|
10
|
Bihar |
8.21
|
140.9
|
140.3
|
1.62
|
135.9
|
137.4
|
5.14
|
140.2
|
139.9
|
11
|
Sikkim |
0.06
|
148.7
|
148.2
|
0.03
|
146.0
|
147.0
|
0.05
|
147.8
|
147.8
|
12
|
Arunachal Pradesh |
0.14
|
158.9
|
157.2
|
0.06
|
—
|
—
|
0.10
|
—
|
—
|
13
|
Nagaland |
0.14
|
161.7
|
161.8
|
0.12
|
140.4
|
141.0
|
0.13
|
152.6
|
153.0
|
14
|
Manipur |
0.23
|
168.0
|
169.8
|
0.12
|
141.5
|
143.0
|
0.18
|
159.6
|
161.3
|
15
|
Mizoram |
0.07
|
139.4
|
139.7
|
0.13
|
130.1
|
131.4
|
0.10
|
133.7
|
134.6
|
16
|
Tripura |
0.35
|
149.2
|
150.0
|
0.14
|
143.5
|
144.3
|
0.25
|
147.7
|
148.5
|
17
|
Meghalaya |
0.28
|
138.0
|
137.3
|
0.15
|
133.4
|
133.4
|
0.22
|
136.6
|
136.1
|
18
|
Assam |
2.63
|
144.1
|
144.0
|
0.79
|
137.7
|
138.8
|
1.77
|
142.8
|
142.9
|
19
|
West Bengal |
6.99
|
142.7
|
143.4
|
7.20
|
139.2
|
141.3
|
7.09
|
141.0
|
142.4
|
20
|
Jharkhand |
1.96
|
143.0
|
143.2
|
1.39
|
139.3
|
140.3
|
1.69
|
141.6
|
142.1
|
21
|
Odisha |
2.93
|
140.0
|
140.4
|
1.31
|
136.3
|
137.7
|
2.18
|
139.0
|
139.6
|
22
|
Chhattisgarh |
1.68
|
139.1
|
138.5
|
1.22
|
137.6
|
138.5
|
1.46
|
138.5
|
138.5
|
23
|
Madhya Pradesh |
4.93
|
135.6
|
135.8
|
3.97
|
139.5
|
140.6
|
4.48
|
137.2
|
137.8
|
24
|
Gujarat |
4.54
|
138.9
|
138.8
|
6.82
|
133.1
|
134.2
|
5.60
|
135.6
|
136.2
|
25
|
Daman & Diu |
0.02
|
142.8
|
141.8
|
0.02
|
133.8
|
135.9
|
0.02
|
139.0
|
139.3
|
26
|
Dadra & Nagar Haveli |
0.02
|
138.6
|
140.2
|
0.04
|
132.4
|
133.5
|
0.03
|
134.5
|
135.7
|
27
|
Maharashtra |
8.25
|
141.4
|
141.6
|
18.86
|
134.8
|
135.3
|
13.18
|
137.0
|
137.4
|
28
|
Andhra Pradesh |
5.40
|
140.4
|
140.3
|
3.64
|
139.9
|
140.3
|
4.58
|
140.2
|
140.3
|
29
|
Karnataka |
5.09
|
145.3
|
145.5
|
6.81
|
146.3
|
147.3
|
5.89
|
145.8
|
146.5
|
30
|
Goa |
0.14
|
147.6
|
148.2
|
0.25
|
134.7
|
135.6
|
0.19
|
139.7
|
140.5
|
31
|
Lakshadweep |
0.01
|
138.5
|
141.1
|
0.01
|
132.8
|
133.4
|
0.01
|
135.6
|
137.2
|
32
|
Kerala |
5.50
|
150.6
|
150.7
|
3.46
|
145.7
|
146.6
|
4.55
|
148.9
|
149.3
|
33
|
Tamil Nadu |
5.55
|
145.0
|
145.3
|
9.20
|
142.1
|
143.0
|
7.25
|
143.3
|
143.9
|
34
|
Puducherry |
0.08
|
140.8
|
141.2
|
0.27
|
142.1
|
142.9
|
0.17
|
141.8
|
142.5
|
35
|
Andaman & Nicobar Islands |
0.05
|
158.5
|
156.8
|
0.07
|
140.6
|
139.9
|
0.06
|
149.4
|
148.2
|
36
|
Telangana |
3.16
|
138.2
|
138.2
|
4.41
|
139.1
|
139.8
|
3.74
|
138.7
|
139.1
|
99
|
All India |
100.00
|
141.0
|
141.2
|
100.00
|
138.6
|
139.5
|
100.00
|
139.9
|
140.4
|
Notes:
1. Prov. : Provisional.
2. — : indicates the receipt of price schedules is less than 80% of allocated schedules and therefore indices are not compiled.
State/UT Code
|
Name of the State/UT
|
Rural
|
Urban
|
Combined
|
||||||
Mar. 18 Index (Final) |
Mar. 19
Index (Prov.) |
Inflation Rate (%) |
Mar. 18 Index (Final) |
Mar. 19
Index (Prov.) |
Inflation Rate (%) |
Mar. 18 Index (Final) |
Mar. 19
Index (Prov.) |
Inflation Rate (%) |
||
(1)
|
(2)
|
(3)
|
(4)
|
(5)
|
(6)
|
(7)
|
(8)
|
(9)
|
(10)
|
(11)
|
01
|
Jammu & Kashmir |
147.2
|
149.5
|
1.56
|
134.5
|
144.9
|
7.73
|
142.7
|
147.9
|
3.64
|
02
|
Himachal Pradesh |
139.4
|
136.1
|
-2.37
|
132.7
|
137.9
|
3.92
|
138.2
|
136.4
|
-1.30
|
03
|
Punjab |
135.7
|
140.5
|
3.54
|
129.4
|
133.0
|
2.78
|
132.9
|
137.1
|
3.16
|
05
|
Uttarakhand |
131.5
|
137.0
|
4.18
|
129.0
|
134.5
|
4.26
|
130.6
|
136.1
|
4.21
|
06
|
Haryana |
135.2
|
134.7
|
-0.37
|
132.1
|
135.5
|
2.57
|
133.7
|
135.1
|
1.05
|
07
|
Delhi |
131.8
|
145.4
|
10.32
|
137.5
|
142.0
|
3.27
|
137.2
|
142.2
|
3.64
|
08
|
Rajasthan |
137.7
|
141.3
|
2.61
|
135.6
|
140.8
|
3.83
|
137.0
|
141.1
|
2.99
|
09
|
Uttar Pradesh |
133.4
|
137.6
|
3.15
|
135.3
|
139.9
|
3.40
|
134.1
|
138.4
|
3.21
|
10
|
Bihar |
139.6
|
140.3
|
0.50
|
133.6
|
137.4
|
2.84
|
138.7
|
139.9
|
0.87
|
18
|
Assam |
137.1
|
144.0
|
5.03
|
131.2
|
138.8
|
5.79
|
135.9
|
142.9
|
5.15
|
19
|
West Bengal |
140.8
|
143.4
|
1.85
|
136.5
|
141.3
|
3.52
|
138.8
|
142.4
|
2.59
|
20
|
Jharkhand |
142.0
|
143.2
|
0.85
|
131.5
|
140.3
|
6.69
|
138.0
|
142.1
|
2.97
|
21
|
Odisha |
140.6
|
140.4
|
-0.14
|
131.0
|
137.7
|
5.11
|
137.9
|
139.6
|
1.23
|
22
|
Chhattisgarh |
139.5
|
138.5
|
-0.72
|
133.8
|
138.5
|
3.51
|
137.3
|
138.5
|
0.87
|
23
|
Madhya Pradesh |
132.6
|
135.8
|
2.41
|
133.5
|
140.6
|
5.32
|
133.0
|
137.8
|
3.61
|
24
|
Gujarat |
139.3
|
138.8
|
-0.36
|
127.6
|
134.2
|
5.17
|
132.7
|
136.2
|
2.64
|
27
|
Maharashtra |
141.4
|
141.6
|
0.14
|
130.0
|
135.3
|
4.08
|
133.8
|
137.4
|
2.69
|
28
|
Andhra Pradesh |
142.1
|
140.3
|
-1.27
|
135.0
|
140.3
|
3.93
|
139.5
|
140.3
|
0.57
|
29
|
Karnataka |
139.2
|
145.5
|
4.53
|
139.3
|
147.3
|
5.74
|
139.3
|
146.5
|
5.17
|
32
|
Kerala |
142.5
|
150.7
|
5.75
|
139.7
|
146.6
|
4.94
|
141.5
|
149.3
|
5.51
|
33
|
Tamil Nadu |
140.6
|
145.3
|
3.34
|
137.9
|
143.0
|
3.70
|
139.0
|
143.9
|
3.53
|
36
|
Telangana |
142.4
|
138.2
|
-2.95
|
134.8
|
139.8
|
3.71
|
138.2
|
139.1
|
0.65
|
99
|
All India |
138.7
|
141.2
|
1.80
|
134.0
|
139.5
|
4.10
|
136.5
|
140.4
|
2.86
|
Notes:
Prov. : Provisional.